Proprietar

Proprietar is a term used in Romanian to denote the person or legal entity that holds full ownership rights to a property or asset. The concept applies to real estate, movable goods, or other resources and is recognized within the civil-law framework. The proprietor has the legal authority to use, enjoy, modify, sell, lease, or dispose of the property, within the bounds of applicable laws, contracts, and public interest considerations.

Ownership, or proprietate, is a fundamental real right that can coexist with possession and use by others. A person may own a property without actively possessing it, for example when the owner leaves the property vacant or rents it to another party. Conversely, possession may occur without ownership, such as when a tenant or holder of a lien occupies or controls the asset. In practice, the proprietor bears responsibilities such as paying taxes, maintaining the property, and respecting the rights of others, including any encumbrances, servitudes, or mortgage rights.

In Romania, proprietari can be individuals or corporate bodies. When several people share ownership, they may be coproprietari, each holding a share of the property. The term is commonly used in real estate transactions, inheritance, and corporate asset management. Related concepts include transfer of ownership, foreclosures, and the registration of property in the land registry.

Etymology traces propietary roots to Latin proprius, via Romance languages, with Romanian propr în multiple forms such as proprietar, proprietate, and proprietate. The word has cognates in many languages that refer to ownership or proprietorship.