Potensiaalmõõturid

Potensiaalmõõturid, commonly referred to as potential meters, are electronic components used to measure electric potential or voltage. They are essentially a type of voltmeter, but the term "potensiaalmõõtur" can sometimes refer to specific types of devices designed for precise potential measurement or calibration. These devices operate by establishing a known potential difference and then comparing it to the unknown potential being measured.

One common principle behind potentiometers is the use of a slide wire or a series of resistors. By adjusting a slider or tapping a specific point along the resistive element, a variable voltage can be created. When this variable voltage is connected in opposition to the unknown voltage, a point can be found where the two voltages balance. At this null point, the unknown voltage is equal to the voltage across a known portion of the potentiometer. This method is highly accurate because it draws very little current from the source of the unknown voltage, thus minimizing any loading effects that could alter the potential being measured.

Potensiaalmõõturid find applications in various fields, including electrical metrology, calibration of voltmeters and other voltage-measuring instruments, and in scientific research where precise voltage measurements are critical. They can also be integrated into more complex measurement systems. The accuracy and resolution of a potentiomõõtur are dependent on the quality of its components and its design.