PortauPrince

Port-au-Prince, the capital and largest city of Haiti, is located on the western coast along the Gulf of Gonâve. It serves as the political, economic, and cultural center of the country and is the core of the Ouest Department.

The city originated as a settlement during the colonial era and became the capital of Saint-Domingue in the 18th century, developing into a major port and administrative hub. Port-au-Prince has faced repeated challenges, most notably the devastating 7.0 magnitude earthquake in 2010, which caused extensive loss of life and widespread destruction of infrastructure, housing, and cultural landmarks. Reconstruction and ongoing urban development have shaped its post-disaster trajectory.

Geographically, Port-au-Prince sits on a coastal plain with surrounding hills and is closely linked to the neighboring suburb of Petion-ville. It is the site of Haiti’s main port and the international airport, Toussaint Louverture International, located in nearby Tabarre. The economy relies on government administration, commerce, and a substantial informal sector, with markets, shops, and small manufacturing playing key roles. The Iron Market (Marché en Fer) has long been a symbol of the city’s commercial life, though it has suffered damage in past disasters.

Demographically, the city is predominantly Haitian, with Haitian Creole and French as official languages. It is a focal point for culture, education, and the arts, hosting universities such as Université d’État d’Haïti and several cultural institutions, museums, and theaters.

Port-au-Prince continues to face urban challenges, including housing, infrastructure, and disaster resilience, while remaining central to Haiti’s national identity and development efforts.