Polüfenoole

Polüfenoole is a collective term for a large group of naturally occurring organic compounds found in plants. These compounds are characterized by the presence of multiple phenol units in their molecular structure. Phenols themselves are a class of aromatic compounds containing a hydroxyl group directly attached to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. This structural feature contributes to the diverse chemical properties and biological activities of polyphenols.

Polyphenols are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom and are found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, tea, coffee, and wine. Examples include flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and lignans. The specific types and amounts of polyphenols present can vary significantly depending on the plant species, its growing conditions, and the part of the plant.

These compounds are often associated with the color, flavor, and bitterness of plants. They also play a role in plant defense mechanisms, protecting them from UV radiation, pathogens, and herbivores. In human nutrition, polyphenols are considered to be important dietary components due to their potential health benefits. Research has indicated that they may possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties, though further scientific investigation is ongoing. The bioavailability and metabolic fate of different polyphenols in the human body are areas of active study.