Polyoxometalatebased

Polyoxometalate-based refers to materials or systems that incorporate polyoxometalates (POMs) as a primary component or structural motif. Polyoxometalates are a large and diverse class of discrete, negatively charged metal-oxide clusters. They are typically formed from early transition metals, most commonly molybdenum and tungsten, in their high oxidation states. These clusters can contain anywhere from three to hundreds of metal atoms, often forming well-defined cage-like or framework structures. The precise composition and structure of POMs can be tuned by varying the constituent metal atoms, their oxidation states, and the presence of heteroatoms within the cluster.

Polyoxometalate-based materials leverage the unique properties of POMs. These properties include their strong acidity, redox activity, ability to intercalate cations, and catalytic potential. Consequently, POMs find applications in areas such as catalysis, where they can act as homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysts for a variety of organic transformations and oxidation reactions. They are also explored in materials science for their use in ion exchange, gas adsorption, and as components in functional materials like sensors and electrochromic devices. Furthermore, their ability to bind to biomolecules has led to investigations into their use in medicine, for example, as antiviral or anticancer agents. The development of polyoxometalate-based systems often involves immobilizing POMs onto solid supports or incorporating them into larger composite structures to enhance their stability and processability.