Polymilchsäure

Polymilchsäure, often abbreviated as PLA, is a biodegradable and biocompatible polymer derived from renewable resources such as corn starch or sugarcane. It belongs to the polyester family and is synthesized through the polymerization of lactic acid. PLA is a thermoplastic material, meaning it can be melted and molded repeatedly.

The production of PLA typically involves two main processes: ring-opening polymerization of lactide (a cyclic dimer of lactic acid) or direct condensation polymerization of lactic acid. The properties of PLA can be tailored by adjusting the molecular weight, crystallinity, and stereochemistry of the polymer chains. This allows for a range of applications.

PLA finds widespread use in various industries. Its biodegradability makes it an attractive alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics in packaging, disposable cutlery, and food containers. In the medical field, PLA is utilized for sutures, implants, and drug delivery systems due to its biocompatibility and gradual degradation within the body. It is also employed in 3D printing as a filament material.

While PLA offers environmental benefits through its renewable origin and biodegradability, its disposal requires specific conditions. Industrial composting facilities are often necessary for efficient degradation, as it may not readily break down in natural environments or landfills. Research continues to improve its properties and expand its applications.