Polymene

Polymene is a genus of flowering plants in the family Orchidaceae, commonly known as the ghost orchids. These orchids are found in humid tropical and subtropical regions, primarily in Southeast Asia and parts of Australia. The genus is characterized by its leafless, photosynthetic stems and its reliance on fungi for initial nutrient uptake.

The most well-known species, Dendrophylax lindenii, is native to Cuba and Florida and is famously leafless, with the green roots performing photosynthesis. Its flowers are often white or pale green and are known for their delicate, ethereal appearance, hence the common name "ghost orchid." These flowers typically bloom at night, and their fragrance is often described as musky or fruity.

Polymene species are epiphytic, meaning they grow on other plants, typically trees, but they do not parasitize their hosts. Instead, they absorb moisture and nutrients from the air and rain. The root system is crucial for survival, acting as both an anchor and a photosynthetic organ. Reproduction is challenging, as it relies on specific pollinators, such as moths, and the germination of seeds requires a symbiotic relationship with a particular type of fungus. Due to habitat loss and specialized requirements, many Polymene species are considered endangered.