Polonnaruva

Polonnaruva is an ancient city located in the North-Central Province of Sri Lanka, a South Asian island nation. It was the capital of the medieval kingdom of Polonnaruva, one of three major powers that rose in the island's history. The site is famous for its well-preserved ancient buildings, temples, and palaces.

In the 11th century, Polonnaruva was founded by King Vijayabahu I, who united the warring states of the island and went on to establish the Polonnaruva dynasty. During the 12th century, the city experienced a golden age under the rule of Kings Parakramabahu I and Nissankamalla, with the latter constructing several notable buildings.

Many ancient structures at Polonnaruva have been designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, including the Gal Vihara, a UNESCO-listed Buddha statue carved into a granite surface. Other notable attractions include the Thivanka Image House, a Hindu temple known for its intricate stone carvings, and the Lankathilaka Vihara, a large stupa that houses a sacred relic.

In 1200 CE, Polonnaruva was conquered by the rival kingdom of Gampola, ending the city's era of dominance. Although it has not been the capital of Sri Lanka since the 13th century, Polonnaruva remains a significant historical site and a popular tourist destination due to its cultural and archaeological value.