Pohjavesilähteet

Pohjavesilähteet, also known as groundwater springs, are natural outlets where groundwater emerges from the ground. These springs are a crucial part of the hydrological cycle, representing the point at which subsurface water reaches the surface. The location and characteristics of a spring are determined by the underlying geology, hydrogeology, and topography. Groundwater can flow through various porous media like sand, gravel, or fractured bedrock. When this groundwater encounters an impermeable layer or reaches the surface in a low-lying area, it can emerge as a spring.

The discharge rate of a spring can vary significantly. Some springs are perennial, flowing consistently throughout the year, while others are intermittent, flowing only during periods of high groundwater levels or rainfall. The water quality of a spring is generally good, as it has been naturally filtered as it moved through the ground. However, contamination can occur if pollutants enter the groundwater system. Springs can vary in size from a small seep to a powerful outflow. They are important sources of water for ecosystems, supporting unique flora and fauna adapted to these specific conditions. Historically, many human settlements have developed near springs due to their reliable water supply.