Podálica

Podálica refers to a position or presentation of a fetus during pregnancy where the buttocks or feet are closest to the birth canal. This is in contrast to the cephalic presentation, where the head is the presenting part. In a podalic presentation, the fetus is either in a breech position (buttocks down) or a footling breech position (one or both feet down).

Podalic presentations are considered a type of malpresentation, meaning the fetus is not in the optimal position for vaginal delivery. While vaginal delivery can sometimes be possible with certain types of breech presentations, it carries increased risks for both the mother and the baby. These risks can include cord prolapse, head entrapment, and birth trauma.

The diagnosis of a podalic presentation is typically made through physical examination during prenatal visits or via ultrasound imaging. If a podalic presentation is identified, healthcare providers will discuss the delivery options with the expectant parents. Often, a Cesarean section is recommended to ensure the safety of the baby.

Factors that can increase the likelihood of a podalic presentation include prematurity, multiple gestation, polyhydramnios (excess amniotic fluid), and uterine abnormalities. In some cases, external cephalic version (ECV) may be attempted to manually turn the baby from a podalic to a cephalic presentation before labor begins.