Podwaja

Podwaja is the present tense, third-person singular form of the Polish imperfective verb podwajać, meaning to double or to increase twofold. It is used to describe processes in which something becomes twice as large or frequent, often in economic, demographic, or statistical contexts. The form itself is gender-neutral and can refer to a subject of any grammatical gender.

Morphology and related forms: Podwajać is imperfective, describing ongoing or repeated doubling. Its full present tense paradigm is: podwajam, podwajasz, podwaja, podwajamy, podwajacie, podwajają. The corresponding perfective counterpart is podwoić, used for actions completed in the sense of achieving a double result. Polish also employs related nouns such as podwojenie (doubling) and phrases like tempo wzrostu podwaja się to indicate the doubling of growth rate.

Usage: Podwaja is commonly found in descriptive or analytical writing, including economics, demographics, and statistics, to convey a doubling effect. For example: Liczba ludności podwaja się w ciągu dekady. Firma podwaja produkcję w kwartał. W badaniach tempo, w którym podwaja się wyniki, bywa kluczowym wskaźnikiem efektywności.

Semantic nuance: As an imperfective verb, podwajać emphasizes the process of doubling rather than a completed, one-time doubling. When the emphasis is on the result, podwoić is often preferred.

See also: podwoić, podwajanie, podwojenie.