Podstoupily

Podstoupily is a Czech word: the past-tense, feminine plural form of the verb podstoupit, meaning "to undergo," "to submit to," or "to undertake" (often with the nuance of enduring a procedure, test, risk, or process). As a finite verb form, podstoupily indicates that the action was completed in the past and that the grammatical subject is feminine and plural.

Morphology and grammar: podstoupit is a perfective verb (implying a completed action); its imperfective counterpart is podstupovat. The ending -ily marks past tense agreement with feminine plural subjects (for example, ženy, osoby, společnosti when construed as feminine). Corresponding forms include podstoupil (masculine singular), podstoupila (feminine singular), and podstoupili (masculine or mixed plural).

Usage examples:

- Ženy podstoupily operaci. (The women underwent surgery.)

- Společnosti podstoupily restrukturalizaci. (The companies underwent restructuring.)

- Nepodstoupily doporučené testy. (They did not undergo the recommended tests.)

Etymology and pronunciation: podstoupit is formed from the prefix pod- ("under") and stoupit ("to step"), originally conveying the idea of stepping into or subjecting oneself to something. Approximate pronunciation of podstoupily in Czech is [ˈpodstoupiːlɪ] with stress on the first syllable.