Pleurodeles

Pleurodeles is a genus of freshwater salamanders in the family Pleurodelidae. The genus is native to Europe and North Africa, with a few species extending into Asia. Pleurodeles are known for their distinctive appearance, characterized by a long, slender body, a short tail, and a smooth, scaleless skin. They have a unique respiratory system that allows them to breathe both through their skin and lungs, a feature known as cutaneous respiration.

The genus includes several species, each with its own unique characteristics. Pleurodeles waltl is the most well-known species, found in the Alps and other mountainous regions of Europe. It is known for its ability to tolerate high altitudes and cold temperatures. Pleurodeles poireti is found in the Pyrenees and the Alps, and is smaller in size compared to P. waltl. Pleurodeles walli is found in the Iberian Peninsula and North Africa, and is known for its ability to tolerate a wide range of temperatures.

Pleurodeles are generally solitary animals, but they may aggregate in large numbers during the breeding season. They are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of invertebrates, small vertebrates, and plant material. Their reproductive strategy involves external fertilization, with the female laying eggs in water. The larvae undergo metamorphosis, developing gills and a tail before transforming into adult salamanders.

Pleurodeles are of interest to conservationists due to their sensitivity to habitat degradation and pollution. Many species are listed as vulnerable or endangered on the IUCN Red List. Conservation efforts focus on protecting their habitats, reducing pollution, and managing invasive species that can outcompete native species.