Plantago

Plantago is a genus of flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae. It comprises about 200 species of herbs commonly known as plantains, not to be confused with the fruit-bearing plantain banana. They are widespread in temperate and subtropical regions and occupy a range of habitats, from lawns and roadsides to open fields.

Plants are typically perennial or annual herbs with a low growth habit. Leaves form a basal rosette and are usually elongated with a prominent midrib and parallel veins. The flowering stem bears dense spikes of small flowers in crowded whorls. The flowers are usually inconspicuous and wind-pollinated. Fruits are dry capsules that release numerous tiny seeds when ripe.

Species such as Plantago major (broadleaf plantain) and Plantago lanceolata (ribwort plantain) are common in many regions. They tolerate compacted soils and disturbed habitats. Some members have been used as edible greens; young leaves can be eaten raw or cooked, and seeds are used as a source of dietary fiber (psyllium) in medicine and food.

Taxonomy and distribution: Plantago belongs to the family Plantaginaceae. It was formerly placed in Scrophulariaceae, but the APG system reclassified it along with related genera. Members are cosmopolitan, with many species adapted to disturbed habitats, grasslands, woodlands, and moist soils.