Piperetsilliini

Piperetsilliini is a term used in some languages for piperacillin, a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic in the penicillin class. As an ureidopenicillin, it works by irreversibly inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis through binding to penicillin-binding proteins, producing a bactericidal effect.

The antibiotic has activity against a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as various Gram-positive cocci. Its activity against anaerobes is variable. Piperacillin alone is vulnerable to many beta-lactamases produced by resistant organisms, which can limit its effectiveness unless combined with a beta-lactamase inhibitor.

Piperacillin is commonly used for treating severe and hospital-acquired infections, such as complicated intra-abdominal infections, pneumonia, gynecologic infections, and skin and soft tissue infections. In clinical practice, it is frequently combined with a beta-lactamase inhibitor (for example, tazobactam) to extend its spectrum and protect it from enzymatic degradation; this combination is marketed under brand names such as piperacillin/tazobactam. The combination is typically administered intravenously.

Pharmacokinetically, piperacillin is given by parenteral administration and has limited or negligible oral bioavailability. It is primarily excreted by the kidneys, so dose adjustments are often required in patients with renal impairment. Monitoring for renal function and signs of hypersensitivity is advised during therapy.

Adverse effects associated with piperacillin-containing regimens can include allergic reactions, rash, diarrhea, and, less commonly, gastrointestinal disturbances or superinfections. Cross-reactivity with other penicillins can occur in patients with penicillin allergies. As with other antibiotics, local resistance patterns and susceptibility testing guide appropriate use.