Pierleonis

The Pierleoni family was a prominent Jewish-Italian noble family based in Rome during the Middle Ages. Their name, likely derived from a patronymic meaning "son of Leo," became synonymous with wealth and influence, particularly in the 11th and 12th centuries. Members of the family held significant positions within the Roman commune and were often involved in papal politics. Anastas, a member of the family, was a powerful senator and supporter of the papacy. His son, Peter, also held considerable influence. The Pierleoni family was known for its vast wealth, reportedly derived from banking and trade, which allowed them to exert considerable political power.

However, their influence also led to significant rivalries, most notably with the Frangipani family. This rivalry played out dramatically during the Investiture Controversy and subsequent papal elections. The most famous member of the family was likely Anacletus II (born Pierleoni), who was elected as an antipope in 1130. His papacy was a source of major schism within the Catholic Church, with many powerful figures supporting Pope Innocent II. Despite his antipapal status, Anacletus II wielded considerable influence in Rome during his lifetime. The family's prominence eventually waned over the centuries, though their impact on Roman history remains notable.