Phytohormonit

Phytohormones are chemical substances produced by plants that regulate various physiological processes. They play a crucial role in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stimuli. The primary phytohormones include auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid (ABA), and ethylene. Each type of phytohormone has distinct functions and interacts with others to coordinate plant responses.

Auxins, often referred to as the "plant hormones," are involved in cell elongation, root growth, and phototropism. Gibberellins promote stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering. Cytokinins regulate cell division, differentiation, and delay senescence. Abscisic acid (ABA) influences seed dormancy, stomatal closure, and stress responses. Ethylene is involved in fruit ripening, senescence, and abscission.

Phytohormones can be synthesized in specific tissues or organs and transported to other parts of the plant via the vascular system. They often act in low concentrations and can induce rapid responses. The balance and interaction between different phytohormones are essential for normal plant development and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Understanding the role of phytohormones is vital for agricultural practices, such as crop improvement and stress management.