Photios

Photios was a Byzantine emperor who ruled from 850 to 867. He was born in Constantinople and was the son of Emperor Michael III. Photios ascended to the throne following the death of his brother, Basil I, who had been co-emperor with him. Photios' reign was marked by political instability and economic difficulties. He faced several rebellions, including one led by his own son, Bardas, who sought to overthrow him. Photios' rule was also characterized by a series of military campaigns against the Arabs, which were largely unsuccessful. Despite these challenges, Photios is known for his efforts to reform the Byzantine military and his support for the arts and education. He was succeeded by his son, Bardas, who became Emperor Bardas I. Photios' reign is often seen as a period of transition in Byzantine history, as the empire grappled with internal and external threats.