Peumus

Peumus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Atherospermataceae. The genus currently contains a single accepted species, Peumus boldus. This species is native to central and southern Chile and Argentina. Peumus boldus is commonly known as boldo, Chilean guava, or also often referred to by its scientific name. It is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree or shrub that can reach heights of up to 20 meters. The leaves are leathery, opposite, ovate to elliptical, and have a characteristic aromatic scent when crushed. The flowers are small and white, appearing in clusters. The fruit is a small, dark drupe.

The plant has a long history of use in traditional medicine by indigenous peoples of South America, particularly for digestive ailments. Boldo is known for its distinctive aroma, often described as camphoraceous or minty. The essential oil, rich in compounds like 1,8-cineole and ascaridole, is a significant component of its medicinal and aromatic properties. Peumus boldus is cultivated in some regions outside its native range for its timber, medicinal uses, and as an ornamental plant. However, its primary significance remains rooted in its traditional applications and its unique botanical characteristics.