Períodha

Períodha, also known as the menstrual cycle, is a natural biological process that occurs in the female reproductive system. It typically lasts between 21 and 35 days and is characterized by cyclic changes in the endometrium, the lining of the uterus. The cycle is divided into four main phases: menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation, and the luteal phase.

Menstruation, or the menstrual phase, begins with the shedding of the endometrial lining, which occurs if fertilization does not take place. This phase lasts for about 3 to 7 days. Following menstruation, the follicular phase begins, during which the follicles in the ovaries mature and one dominant follicle is selected to release an egg.

Ovulation occurs mid-cycle, typically around day 14 of a 28-day cycle. During ovulation, the dominant follicle releases an egg into the fallopian tube. If fertilization occurs, the egg travels down the fallopian tube to the uterus, where it implants in the endometrial lining.

The luteal phase begins after ovulation and lasts until the next menstrual period. During this phase, the corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine structure, secretes progesterone to prepare the endometrium for potential implantation. If fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum degenerates, leading to a decrease in progesterone levels and the shedding of the endometrial lining, initiating the next menstrual cycle.

Períodha is a normal and essential part of a woman's reproductive health. However, irregularities in the menstrual cycle can indicate various health conditions, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, or hormonal imbalances. Regular monitoring and consultation with a healthcare provider can help manage and address any concerns related to the menstrual cycle.