Peroksidiryhmä

Peroksidiryhmä, also known as the peroxide functional group, is a chemical moiety characterized by a single bond between two oxygen atoms, with the general formula R-O-O-R', where R and R' are organic groups or hydrogen atoms. This O-O single bond is relatively weak and readily undergoes homolytic cleavage, forming highly reactive oxygen radicals. This inherent reactivity makes peroxides potent oxidizing agents and important intermediates in various chemical reactions, including polymerization and organic synthesis.

The presence of the peroxide group imparts specific properties to organic compounds. They are often unstable and can decompose explosively, especially when heated or exposed to friction. Their oxidizing nature means they can react with reducing agents, often leading to the formation of alcohols and carbonyl compounds. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is the simplest and most common inorganic peroxide, widely used as a disinfectant and bleaching agent. Organic peroxides, such as benzoyl peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide, find extensive applications as initiators in free-radical polymerization processes for plastics and as oxidizing agents in fine chemical synthesis. Due to their instability, safe handling and storage procedures are crucial when working with peroxide compounds.