Perlokúcióban

Perlokúcióban is a term used in pragmatics, a branch of linguistics that studies how context contributes to meaning. It refers to the effect or consequence that a speaker's utterance has on a hearer. Unlike illocutionary acts, which focus on the speaker's intention or the force of an utterance (e.g., a promise, a request, a warning), perlocutionary acts are concerned with the hearer's reaction or the outcome of the speech act.

For example, if a speaker says "Close the door," the illocutionary act is a command. The perlocutionary effect could be that the hearer closes the door, feels annoyed, or is startled. The perlocutionary effect is not directly controlled by the speaker in the same way as the illocutionary force. It depends on the hearer's interpretation, their disposition, and the surrounding circumstances.

The concept of perlocution was introduced by J.L. Austin in his work on speech act theory, and further developed by John Searle. While illocutionary acts are about what is done in saying something, perlocutionary acts are about what is done by saying something. Understanding the perlocutionary effect is important for analyzing the full impact of communication and how language influences behavior and attitudes. It highlights the dynamic and interactive nature of conversation.