Perbendaharaan
Perbendaharaan is a term used in Malay-speaking countries to refer to the treasury or the government’s financial administration. It denotes the system and institutions responsible for managing public funds, ensuring liquidity, recording government transactions, and supporting fiscal policy.
In Indonesia, the term corresponds to the Direktorat Jenderal Perbendaharaan (Directorate General of the Treasury), part
In Malaysia and other Malay-speaking nations, "Perbendaharaan" broadly refers to the treasury function within the Ministry
Historically, perbendaharaan functions have existed since early modern bureaucratic states, evolving with formal budget systems, standardized