Parrotia

Parrotia is a genus of trees in the family Hamamelidaceae, native to the Caucasus and northeastern Iran. The genus currently contains only one species, Parrotia persica, commonly known as the Persian ironwood. This deciduous tree is renowned for its striking ornamental qualities, particularly its exfoliating bark, which reveals patches of green, white, and red as it matures, creating a mottled effect.

Parrotia persica typically grows to a height of 10 to 15 meters with a similar spread, forming a rounded crown. Its leaves are ovate to elliptical, 5 to 10 cm long, and turn vibrant shades of red, orange, and yellow in autumn, adding to its seasonal appeal. In late winter or early spring, before the leaves emerge, the tree produces small, crimson, spidery flowers that are borne in dense clusters. These flowers are attractive to early pollinators.

The wood of the Persian ironwood is exceptionally hard and dense, hence the common name "ironwood." Historically, it has been used for various purposes due to its durability. The tree is well-suited to a variety of soil types, provided they are well-drained, and prefers full sun to partial shade. It is a relatively slow-growing tree but is long-lived and adaptable to urban environments. Parrotia persica is hardy in USDA zones 5-8 and is a valuable specimen tree for gardens and parks, admired for its year-round interest.