Parotistumörer

Parotistumörer are growths that occur in the parotid glands, which are the largest salivary glands in the body. These glands are located on either side of the face, just in front of the ears. Parotistumörer can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).

The majority of parotistumörer are benign. The most common type of benign parotid tumor is a pleomorphic adenoma, also known as a benign mixed tumor. Warthin's tumor is another common benign type. Benign tumors typically grow slowly and do not spread to other parts of the body.

Malignant parotistumörer are less common but can be more serious. Various types of salivary gland cancers can arise in the parotid gland, including mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma. Malignant tumors may grow more rapidly, can invade surrounding tissues, and have the potential to metastasize.

Symptoms of parotistumörer can include a painless lump or swelling in the cheek or in front of the ear. Other symptoms may include facial pain, numbness, weakness, difficulty swallowing, or a change in the taste sensation. Some tumors, especially malignant ones, may cause the skin over the tumor to become red or ulcerated.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, imaging studies such as ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI, and often a biopsy to determine whether the tumor is benign or malignant. Treatment depends on the nature of the tumor, its size, and its location. Benign tumors may be surgically removed. Malignant tumors usually require a combination of surgery, radiation therapy, and sometimes chemotherapy. Regular follow-up is important after treatment.