Paretooptimáltság

Paretooptimality is a concept originating from economics and game theory, named after Vilfredo Pareto. An allocation of resources is considered Pareto-optimal if it is impossible to make any one individual or group better off without making at least one other individual or group worse off. In simpler terms, it represents a state where no further mutually beneficial trade-offs can be made.

The core idea is about efficiency. If an outcome is not Pareto-optimal, it means there's a way to reallocate resources or change the situation so that at least one person benefits, and nobody is harmed. Such a change is called a Pareto improvement. The process of reaching a Pareto-optimal state involves finding all possible Pareto improvements until no more can be made.

It's important to note that Paretooptimality does not imply fairness or equity. A situation can be Pareto-optimal even if one person has all the resources and everyone else has nothing, as long as it's impossible to take any resources from the wealthy person without making them worse off. Therefore, while Paretooptimality is a measure of efficiency, it doesn't necessarily align with social welfare or justice. It is a useful tool for analyzing economic and social states but needs to be considered alongside other criteria for a complete picture.