PICCkatetri

PICCkatetri, short for peripherally inserted central catheter, is a long intravenous catheter placed in a peripheral vein of the arm and advanced to the central venous system, typically ending in the superior vena cava near the cavoatrial junction. It provides central venous access for extended periods and can have one or more lumens to support different infusions.

Insertion and placement are performed by trained clinicians under sterile conditions. The entry vein is usually the basilic, cephalic, or median cubital vein. After ultrasound-guided vein access, the catheter is threaded over a guidewire and positioned with the tip at the desired central location; placement is confirmed by imaging, such as a chest X-ray. Catheters are commonly made of polyurethane or silicone and come in sizes around 4–6 French, with single, double, or triple lumens.

Indications include long-term intravenous antibiotic therapy, chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, and repeated blood sampling. PICCkatetre can often be managed on an outpatient basis and may reduce the need for multiple venipunctures. Advantages include easier home care and suitability for longer treatment courses. Compared with other central venous catheters, PICCs generally have a lower risk of infection and can be less burdensome to care for, though the risks of infection, thrombosis, phlebitis, catheter occlusion, and dislodgement remain.

Care and maintenance involve regular flushing to maintain patency, usually with saline and/or heparin per protocol, keeping the insertion site clean and dry, and dressing changes as advised. Activity restrictions may apply to protect the limb and catheter. Removal is typically performed at the bedside once therapy is completed or if complications arise. After removal, the site is covered and observed for signs of infection or bleeding.