Overinfusion

Overinfusion refers to the administration of intravenous fluids or medications at a rate or volume exceeding the patient's physiological capacity to safely metabolize or excrete them. This can lead to a state of fluid overload or toxicity. In the context of fluid administration, overinfusion can result in increased vascular pressure, pulmonary edema, and compromised cardiac function. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, swelling (edema), elevated blood pressure, and a decrease in urine output. The risk of overinfusion is particularly high in patients with compromised cardiac or renal function, as their bodies are less able to manage excess fluid volume.

Medication overinfusion, on the other hand, occurs when a drug is delivered in a dosage or at a rate that surpasses the therapeutic window, potentially leading to adverse effects or toxicity. This can be due to programming errors in infusion pumps, miscalculation of dosages, or improper administration techniques. The consequences of medication overinfusion vary widely depending on the specific drug administered and can range from mild side effects to life-threatening complications. Careful monitoring of infusion rates, volumes, and patient responses is crucial to prevent and detect overinfusion. Healthcare professionals utilize protocols, smart infusion pumps, and vigilant patient observation to mitigate these risks.