Overgangsmetalatom

Overgangsmetalatom refers to an atom belonging to the d-block or f-block of the periodic table. These elements are characterized by having partially filled d or f orbitals, which gives them unique chemical properties. Transition metals, found in groups 3 through 12, exhibit variable oxidation states, can form complex ions, and often act as catalysts. Their d orbitals readily participate in bonding, leading to a wide range of coordination numbers and geometries. Examples include iron, copper, and platinum.

The f-block elements, known as the lanthanides and actinides, are typically placed separately at the bottom of the periodic table. They also possess partially filled f orbitals. Lanthanides are generally reactive metals, while actinides, many of which are synthetic, are radioactive. The properties of transition metal atoms are fundamental to many industrial processes and biological functions. Their ability to readily change their electron configurations allows for diverse chemical reactions and the formation of compounds with striking colors. The study of transition metal atoms is a significant area within inorganic chemistry.