Otosklerosis

Otosclerosis is a condition characterized by abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, specifically in the bones that connect the eardrum to the inner ear. This growth can cause the bones to become thickened and rigid, leading to a reduction in the mobility of the ossicles (the three smallest bones in the middle ear: the malleus, incus, and stapes). The most common symptom of otosclerosis is conductive hearing loss, which is a type of hearing impairment that occurs when sound waves are not properly conducted from the outer ear to the inner ear. This condition can affect one or both ears and may vary in severity.

The exact cause of otosclerosis is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a genetic disorder. It is more commonly found in individuals with a family history of the condition. Otosclerosis typically affects adults between the ages of 30 and 50, although it can occur at any age. The condition is more prevalent in males than females.

Diagnosis of otosclerosis usually involves a hearing test and a physical examination of the ear. Treatment options may include hearing aids, surgery to remove the abnormal bone growth, or a combination of both. In some cases, the condition may resolve on its own without any treatment. Regular follow-ups with an otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat specialist) are essential to monitor the progression of the condition and adjust treatment as needed.