Ostfold

Østfold is a county located in the southeastern part of Norway. It borders Sweden to the east and the Oslofjord to the west. The county's administrative center is Sarpsborg, though Fredrikstad is its largest city. Historically, Østfold has been an important region due to its strategic location and natural resources, particularly its forests and coastline.

The geography of Østfold is characterized by a varied landscape. The eastern parts are dominated by forests, a continuation of the Swedish woodland. The western part features a more fragmented coastline with numerous islands and skerries, a popular area for recreation. The Glomma, Norway's longest river, flows through Østfold before emptying into the Oslofjord.

Østfold's economy has traditionally been linked to forestry, agriculture, and shipping. Today, it also has a significant industrial sector, particularly in Fredrikstad and Sarpsborg, with activities ranging from metalworking to manufacturing. Tourism is also an important contributor, drawing visitors to its coastal areas, historical sites, and natural landscapes.

The county boasts several historical sites, including the Halden Fortress (Haldens festning), a significant 17th-century fortification, and the rock carvings at Hjelmelandsdalen, dating back to the Bronze Age. The region played a role in various historical events, including conflicts with Sweden. In 2020, Østfold merged with Akershus and Buskerud counties to form the Viken county, though it is slated to be re-established as a separate county in 2024.