Osseointegrációt

Osseointegrációt refers to the direct structural and functional connection between living bone and the surface of a load-bearing artificial implant. This biological process is fundamental to the success of many medical implants, particularly dental implants and orthopedic prostheses. It occurs when bone cells grow onto and into the roughened or specifically treated surface of the implant, effectively integrating it into the body's own skeletal system.

The concept of osseointegration was extensively researched and popularized by Professor Per-Ingvar Brånemark in the 1960s. His work demonstrated that titanium, due to its biocompatibility and ability to form a stable oxide layer, could achieve this direct bone-to-implant contact. The process typically involves a period of healing, during which the implant is not subjected to significant forces, allowing the bone to grow and stabilize.

Successful osseointegration is characterized by the absence of intervening soft tissue between the bone and the implant surface, and the implant's ability to withstand functional loads without micromovement. Factors influencing osseointegration include the implant material, surface properties, surgical technique, patient's bone quality and health, and the absence of infection. This biological fusion is crucial for the long-term stability and efficacy of implants, enabling them to restore function and improve quality of life.