Ortografisk

Ortografisk is an adjective used to describe matters relating to orthography, the conventional spelling system of a language. It can refer to spelling rules, diacritics, capitalization, hyphenation, and punctuation as part of the written standard. The term is used across Nordic languages such as Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish, where ortografisk denotes aspects connected to how words are written.

Etymology and form: Ortografisk derives from ortografi (the field or system of spelling) with the common Scandinavian suffix -isk, forming an adjective meaning "orthographic" or "related to orthography." The root orto- comes from Greek orthos “correct” and graphein “to write,” via the older term orthographia.

Usage and context: In linguistics, education, publishing, and lexicography, ortografisk is used to discuss the normative spelling system. Phrases such as ortografisk standard, ortografisk regel, or ortografiske feil refer to the official spelling conventions, spelling rules, and common orthographic mistakes, respectively. The term also appears in discussions of ortografisk korrektur (orthographic proofreading) and ortografiske varianter (orthographic variants) of a word.

Related concepts: Ortografisk is closely linked to orthography as a discipline, while in some languages the related term rettskrivning denotes spelling in practical use. Orthographic reforms, dictionaries, and language-teaching materials often address ortografiska frågor to promote consistency across writers and institutions.

Overall, ortografisk conveys the written conventions that govern how a language is correctly spelled, including rules, diacritics, and standardization efforts.