Orthotropia

Orthotropia is a term used in the field of crystallography to describe a type of crystal system where the crystal's axes of elastic symmetry are perpendicular to each other. This means that the crystal's elastic properties are isotropic within each plane defined by a pair of axes, but anisotropic between different planes. Orthotropia is characterized by three mutually perpendicular planes of elastic symmetry, which are often referred to as the principal planes.

Crystals that exhibit orthotropia are said to be orthotropic. This term is also used in materials science to describe materials that have similar elastic properties along three mutually perpendicular axes, but different properties in other directions. Examples of orthotropic materials include certain types of wood, composite materials, and some crystals.

The concept of orthotropia is important in various fields, including materials science, engineering, and geology. It helps in understanding the mechanical behavior of materials and in designing structures that can withstand specific types of stress. The term is derived from the Greek words "orthos," meaning straight or right, and "tropos," meaning turning or direction.