Oikeaikäisyys

Oikeaikäisyys, commonly translated as "age of majority" or "legal age," refers to the specific age at which a person is legally recognized as an adult. This status grants them full legal rights and responsibilities, including the ability to enter into contracts, vote in elections, make independent medical decisions, and be held fully accountable for their actions under criminal law.

The age of majority varies significantly across different jurisdictions and countries. While many nations have set it at 18 years old, some have it as high as 21. In some legal systems, specific rights or responsibilities may be acquired at different ages, creating a tiered approach to adulthood. For example, individuals might be able to drive at 16 but not purchase alcohol until 18 or 21.

Conversely, the concept of "minority" refers to the period before reaching the age of majority. During this time, individuals are typically under the legal guardianship of their parents or a designated guardian. Their legal capacity to act independently is limited, and their actions may be subject to parental or state supervision. Laws are in place to protect minors from exploitation and to ensure their well-being.

The determination of the age of majority is a fundamental aspect of legal systems, reflecting societal views on when individuals are considered mature enough to exercise adult autonomy and bear the full weight of civic duties and legal obligations.