Oberflächentemperaturverteilungen

Oberflächentemperatur refers to the temperature of the outermost layer of an object or celestial body. It is a critical parameter in many scientific and engineering fields, influencing phenomena such as heat transfer, material properties, and atmospheric dynamics. For terrestrial objects, surface temperature can be measured using various methods, including infrared thermometers, thermocouples, and remote sensing techniques like satellite imagery. Factors affecting the surface temperature of Earth include solar radiation, atmospheric conditions, albedo (reflectivity), and internal heat sources.

In astronomy, the surface temperature of stars is a key characteristic used to classify them and understand their evolutionary stage. It is often inferred from their spectral type and luminosity. For planets, surface temperature is determined by their distance from their star, atmospheric composition (which dictates the greenhouse effect), and internal heat. For instance, Mercury, being close to the Sun, has extremely high surface temperatures, while Neptune, far from the Sun, has very low surface temperatures. Understanding surface temperature is crucial for studying climate change, weather patterns, geological processes, and the potential habitability of exoplanets. Different materials have different thermal properties, affecting how quickly their surface temperature changes in response to external influences.