OHs

OHS stands for occupational health and safety, a field focused on protecting workers from harm that can arise from employment. It covers identifying hazards, assessing risks, and implementing controls to prevent injuries and illnesses. OHS also addresses health protection measures, such as exposure monitoring, ergonomic design, mental health support, and emergency preparedness and response.

Regulation and oversight vary by country and sector. Most jurisdictions require employers to provide safe working conditions, train workers, report incidents, and maintain records. In the United States, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration enforces federal standards; in the United Kingdom, the Health and Safety Executive oversees compliance. Internationally, ISO 45001 specifies requirements for an occupational health and safety management system to help organizations integrate OHS into overall management processes.

An effective OHS program typically follows a management system approach. This includes leadership commitment and a clear safety policy, planning to identify hazards and legal requirements, and implementation of controls, safe work practices, personal protective equipment, and emergency arrangements. It also encompasses training and communication, performance monitoring through metrics and audits, incident investigations, and regular management review to foster continual improvement.

Benefits of robust OHS programs include reduced injury and illness rates, lower costs related to accidents, improved productivity and morale, and better compliance with legal obligations. Challenges can involve upfront costs, complex supply chains, evolving regulations, and the need to secure buy-in from workers and supervisors while sustaining a safety culture. Related topics include risk assessment, incident reporting, safety committees, and programs addressing both physical and mental well-being.