Nyirokcsomóelszántás

Nyirokcsomóelszántás, also known as lymphadenectomy or lymph node dissection, is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of lymph nodes from a specific area of the body. This procedure is most commonly performed in the context of cancer treatment. Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped glands that are part of the lymphatic system, which plays a crucial role in the body's immune response. Cancer cells can spread from a primary tumor to nearby lymph nodes, a process called metastasis.

The purpose of lymphadenectomy is to determine if cancer has spread to the lymph nodes and to remove any affected nodes. This can help stage the cancer, guiding further treatment decisions. In some cases, removing cancerous lymph nodes can also prevent the cancer from spreading to other parts of the body. The extent of the lymph node removal can vary. A sentinel lymph node biopsy, for instance, involves removing only the first few lymph nodes that drain the area of the primary tumor. A more extensive dissection, known as a radical lymphadenectomy, involves removing a larger group of lymph nodes.

Like any surgical procedure, lymphadenectomy carries potential risks and complications. These can include infection, bleeding, lymphedema (swelling due to the accumulation of lymph fluid), and nerve damage. The specific risks depend on the location and extent of the surgery. The decision to perform a lymphadenectomy is made by a medical team based on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the overall health of the patient. Post-operative care and rehabilitation are important to manage any side effects and aid recovery.