Northþrenndum

Northþrenndum was an Old English term referring to a group of people or a region in what is now Scotland. The name appears in historical texts, most notably in Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People, written in the early 8th century. Bede mentions the Northþrenndum in relation to the evangelization of the Picts and the establishment of the Christian church in the region.

The exact geographical location and the precise identity of the Northþrenndum remain subjects of scholarly debate. However, it is generally understood to denote a people or territory situated north of the Firth of Forth, likely encompassing parts of modern-day Fife or further north. Their relationship with other groups, such as the Picts and the Angles of Northumbria, is complex and not fully understood. The term suggests a people who were either distinct from or allied with the Picts, and whose territory was within the broader sphere of influence in northern Britain during the early medieval period. Linguistic analysis of the name indicates a possible connection to the concept of "north" or a northern territory. The limited historical evidence means that much of our understanding relies on interpretation of scant textual references.