Nominaalsed

Nominaalsed is the plural form of the Estonian adjective nominaalne, meaning nominal. The term is used to describe things that exist in name or as stated, without regard to adjustments for factors such as inflation or real value. In everyday language nominaalsed describes figures or values reported at current or face value, rather than in adjusted terms.

In economics and statistics, nominaalsed hinnad, nominaalsed väärtused or nominaalne kontseptsioon refer to numbers stated at current prices or nominal terms. They are contrasted with reaalsed (real) values, which are adjusted for inflation or other changes to reflect purchasing power or constant prices. For example, nominaalne GDP measures output using current prices, while reaalsed GDP accounts for price changes over time.

In linguistics and grammar, nominaalne can describe noun-related or naming aspects, such as nominal forms, noun phrases, or other structures tied to nouns. In this sense, nominaalsed kategooriad or nominaalne fraas may appear in academic discussions about how language encodes names, references, or nominal structure, as opposed to verbal or predicate forms. The usage is field-specific and follows formal terminology rather than everyday speech.

Etymology traces nominaalne to Latin nominus, meaning name, via Romance and Germanic linguistic development. The form nominaalsed is common in Estonian texts across economics, statistics, and linguistic contexts, always signaling a relation to naming, designation, or current-face values, rather than real or inflation-adjusted measurements. See also reaalsed, nominaalne hind, nominal value.