Niklkadmiové

Niklkadmiové is a term that refers to nickel-cadmium batteries, often abbreviated as NiCd. These are a type of rechargeable battery that utilize nickel(II) oxide-hydroxide as the positive electrode and cadmium as the negative electrode, with potassium hydroxide as the electrolyte. NiCd batteries were one of the earliest commercially successful rechargeable battery technologies and were widely used in portable electronics for many decades.

One of the key advantages of NiCd batteries is their ability to deliver a high discharge current, making them suitable for power-hungry applications. They also have a long cycle life, meaning they can be recharged and discharged many times. However, NiCd batteries suffer from a significant drawback known as the "memory effect." This phenomenon occurs when the battery is repeatedly recharged before being fully discharged. Over time, the battery can "remember" the shallower discharge level, leading to a reduction in its effective capacity. To mitigate this, users were advised to fully discharge NiCd batteries periodically.

Another disadvantage of NiCd batteries is their relatively low energy density compared to newer battery technologies like lithium-ion. This means they are heavier and bulkier for the same amount of stored energy. Furthermore, cadmium is a toxic heavy metal, and the disposal of NiCd batteries requires special handling to prevent environmental contamination. Due to these limitations and the development of superior alternatives, NiCd batteries have largely been replaced in many consumer electronics, though they may still be found in certain specialized industrial applications where their high discharge capabilities are essential.