Nielemättä

Nielemättä is an Estonian adverb. It translates to "without swallowing" in English. This adverb is formed by taking the negative participle of the verb "neelama" (to swallow) and adding the suffix "-ttä", which indicates the manner in which an action is performed. It describes a state or action where something is not swallowed. For example, one might say a person is talking nielemättä, implying they are speaking without pausing to swallow. It can also describe the physical state of something that is not being swallowed, such as food that remains in the mouth. The grammatical function of nielemättä is to modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing additional information about how an action is carried out or a quality is possessed. Its usage is relatively straightforward within Estonian grammar, adhering to the typical adverbial placement within a sentence.