Neutronenstraling

Neutron radiation is a type of ionizing radiation consisting of free neutrons. Unlike other forms of radiation, neutrons have no electric charge, which allows them to penetrate deeply into matter. They are typically produced during nuclear fission and fusion reactions, as well as in particle accelerators and certain radioactive decay processes.

The behavior of neutrons depends on their energy levels. Thermal neutrons move at slower speeds and are more likely to be absorbed by atomic nuclei, while fast neutrons can penetrate materials more effectively. When neutrons interact with matter, they can cause nuclear reactions, induce radioactivity in materials, and displace atoms from their lattice positions, potentially causing material damage.

Neutron radiation is commonly used in scientific research for neutron scattering experiments and in medical applications for boron neutron capture therapy. It also plays a significant role in nuclear reactors, where it sustains the chain reaction necessary for power generation. However, neutron radiation poses serious health risks, as it can damage living tissue and increase cancer risk. Proper shielding with materials rich in hydrogen, such as water or polyethylene, is required to protect against neutron exposure.