Neuropraxia

Neuropraxia is a mild form of peripheral nerve injury. It is characterized by a temporary disruption of nerve function without any structural damage to the nerve itself. This means the nerve sheath, axon, and connective tissues remain intact. The injury typically results from a brief compression or stretch of the nerve, which can occur due to direct trauma, prolonged pressure, or repetitive movements.

The primary symptom of neuropraxia is a temporary loss of motor and/or sensory function in the area supplied by the affected nerve. This can manifest as numbness, tingling, weakness, or even temporary paralysis. Importantly, the symptoms are usually transient, meaning they resolve on their own over a period of minutes, hours, or days. Full recovery is the hallmark of neuropraxia, with no long-term deficits expected.

Diagnosis is usually based on the clinical presentation and a thorough neurological examination. Imaging studies are generally not required as there is no structural damage to visualize. Treatment primarily involves rest and avoiding activities that aggravate the injury. In most cases, neuropraxia resolves spontaneously without specific medical intervention. Rehabilitation is typically not necessary due to the rapid and complete recovery. It is considered the least severe type of nerve injury, less severe than axonotmesis or neurotmesis.