Nesoucími

Nesoucími is the instrumental plural form of the present active participle nesoucí, which comes from the Czech verb nést meaning to carry or bear. The participle nesoucí denotes an ongoing action performed by the subject and is used to form noun phrases describing who is bearing or carrying something. The instrumental plural ending -mi yields nesoucími, used when the modifying participle accompanies a noun in the instrumental case.

In grammar, nesoucími behaves like a declined adjective or participial adjective. It agrees with the noun it modifies in number and case, typically appearing with nouns in the instrumental plural. For example, the phrase lidmi nesoucími břemena translates roughly to “by people bearing burdens,” where lidmi is instrumental plural and nesoucími is the agreeing participle in instrumental plural, modifying břemena.

Semantically, nesoucími is most often found in formal, literary, or technical writing. It can describe people, organizations, or other agents that bear costs, responsibilities, or physical loads. Because it is a participial construction, it tends to appear in more descriptive or evaluative contexts rather than in casual speech.

Notes on usage include that nesoucími is specific to instrumental plural and should not be confused with nesoucí (the nominative singular or other cases). Its use requires a compatible noun in instrumental plural to form a coherent and grammatically correct phrase.

See also: nést, present active participle nesoucí, Czech grammar on participles and agreement.