Nebenblätter

Nebenblätter are small, leaf-like appendages found at the base of the petiole of many flowering plants. They can vary greatly in shape, size, and structure, and are not homologous to leaves themselves. Their presence or absence, and their morphology, are important characteristics used in plant identification and classification.

The exact function of Nebenblätter is not fully understood and is likely to vary depending on the species. Some proposed functions include protection of the young leaf bud, support for the petiole, attraction of pollinators, or even photosynthesis. In some species, Nebenblätter may be reduced to mere scales or hairs, while in others they can be quite large and prominent, resembling small leaves.

The term "Nebenblätter" is German and translates to "side leaves" or "accessory leaves." In English botanical literature, they are commonly referred to as stipules. Stipules can be free, meaning they are not attached to the petiole, or adnate, meaning they are fused to the petiole for some distance. They can also be deciduous, falling off soon after they emerge, or persistent, remaining on the plant for a longer period.

Examples of plants with prominent Nebenblätter include roses, legumes, and hibiscus. The diversity in their appearance highlights the wide range of adaptations found within the plant kingdom. Studying Nebenblätter can provide valuable insights into the evolutionary history and ecological roles of different plant groups.