Nahübertragung

Nahübertragung, also known as near-field communication (NFC), is a set of communication protocols that enable two electronic devices to establish a radio communication link by bringing them within close proximity of each other, typically a distance of 10 centimeters or less. NFC operates in the high-frequency (HF) radio band, specifically at 13.56 MHz. It is a specialized subset of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology.

There are two main modes of NFC operation: active and passive. In passive mode, one device (the reader) generates a radio frequency field, and the other device (the tag or card) is powered by this field and communicates back. This is common in contactless payment cards or access cards. In active mode, both devices can generate their own radio frequency field and can initiate or receive communication. This is used for peer-to-peer data exchange between devices like smartphones.

NFC technology enables a variety of applications. Contactless payments, where users tap their phones or cards at a terminal, are a prevalent use case. It also facilitates quick pairing of devices, like headphones to a smartphone, by simply touching them together. Other applications include reading information from NFC tags on posters or products, automating tasks on smartphones, and secure authentication. Due to its short range, NFC is considered a secure technology for sensitive transactions, as accidental or unauthorized reading from a distance is difficult.