NaHCOO

Sodium formate, abbreviated NaHCOO, is the sodium salt of formic acid (HCOOH). It is a white crystalline solid at room temperature and is highly soluble in water. In aqueous solution, the formate ion (HCOO−) behaves as a weak base, giving rise to a mildly basic solution.

Production and structure: NaHCOO is typically produced by neutralizing formic acid with a sodium base, such as sodium hydroxide or sodium bicarbonate, forming sodium formate and water (and, in some routes, carbon dioxide). The compound is an ionic solid composed of Na+ cations and HCOO− anions.

Reactions and properties: Sodium formate readily participates in acid–base reactions, releasing formic acid upon treatment with strong acids. It is stable under ordinary storage conditions but decomposes at high temperatures. The solid is hygroscopic and forms clear, aqueous solutions.

Applications: It is used as a buffering agent in various laboratory and industrial processes and as a source of formate ions in chemical syntheses. In some industries, sodium formate is employed in de-icing formulations and as part of process media in textile dyeing and leather finishing, where buffering and controlled reducing conditions are desirable.

Safety and handling: Sodium formate is of relatively low toxicity but can irritate skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract if dust is inhaled. Appropriate protective equipment should be used to avoid contact and inhalation, and it should be disposed of according to local regulations.