NPP

NPP is an acronym that can refer to several different concepts. Among the most common uses are nuclear power plant and net primary productivity. It is also the initials of several political parties, notably the New Patriotic Party in Ghana and the National People's Party in India, among others.

A nuclear power plant is a facility that generates electricity by using heat from controlled nuclear fission. Most plants operate light-water reactors, typically pressurized (PWR) or boiling (BWR). The heat turns water into steam that drives turbines connected to generators. Safety systems provide containment, cooling, and radiation monitoring; spent fuel is managed on-site and, in some countries, through long-term disposal or reprocessing. Plants are regulated by national authorities and international guidelines to minimize risk. There are hundreds of operating reactors worldwide, supplying a substantial share of low-carbon electricity in many regions.

Net primary production (NPP) measures the net rate at which ecosystems accumulate biomass through photosynthesis, after plant respiration. It is usually expressed as carbon per unit area per time (for example, g C m^-2 yr^-1). NPP depends on light, temperature, moisture, nutrients, and species composition and is a key driver of carbon cycling, habitat productivity, and responses to climate change.

New Patriotic Party, a major political party in Ghana, is generally described as center-right and pro-market. It participates in elections and governance, advocating reforms, economic growth, and democratic institutions.

National People's Party is an Indian political party founded by P. A. Sangma and active in multiple states, particularly in the northeast. It pursues a federal and regional development platform and has participated in national and state elections. Context determines which NPP is meant.