NCH2CH2CH2CH33

Butan-1-amine, commonly called n-butylamine, is an organic amine with molecular formula C4H11N. The structure consists of a four-carbon straight chain terminating in a primary amine group (NH2), giving it the formula CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-NH2. As a primary amine, it is basic and nucleophilic, capable of forming ammonium salts with acids and undergoing typical amine reactions such as acylation, alkylation, and formation of imines with carbonyl compounds.

Physical properties of butan-1-amine include its presentation as a colorless liquid at room temperature with a strong, distinctive odor reminiscent of many low-molecular-weight amines. It is miscible with water and many organic solvents, and its boiling point is well above ambient temperatures, reflecting its moderate hydrophobic character due to the butyl group.

Industrial production and sourcing generally involve routes such as catalytic hydrogenation of butanenitrile or reductive amination of butyraldehyde with ammonia, among others. It serves as a versatile chemical intermediate in the manufacture of various products, including surfactants, dyes and pigment intermediates, rubber accelerators, pharmaceuticals, and agrochemicals. It can also be used to prepare a wide range of butyl-containing amide, imide, and urea derivatives.

Safety considerations are important: butan-1-amine is a corrosive irritant to skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract and can be harmful if inhaled or ingested. It is flammable and should be handled with appropriate engineering controls and personal protective equipment, in a well-ventilated area away from oxidizers. In case of spills or exposure, standard chemical safety practices apply.